What are the usage characteristics and accuracy influencing factors of cylindrical grinding machines
Time：2019-09-18 Visits：2021
The cylindrical grinding machine is a widely used type of machine tool, which is generally composed of a cast iron bed body, a workbench, a head and tail seat that supports and drives the rotation of the workpiece, a grinding wheel holder (grinding head) that installs the grinding wheel, a lateral feed mechanism that controls the size of the grinding workpiece, and electrical and hydraulic devices that control the movement of the moving parts of the machine tool during operation. External cylindrical grinding machines can generally be divided into ordinary external cylindrical grinding machines, external cylindrical grinding machines, wide grinding wheel external cylindrical grinding machines, end face external cylindrical grinding machines, multi grinding wheel frame external cylindrical grinding machines, multi disc grinding wheel external cylindrical grinding machines, cut in external cylindrical grinding machines, and specialized external cylindrical grinding machines.
The characteristics of cylindrical grinding machines
1. The grinding wheel spindle bearing adopts a conical shaped oil wedge dynamic pressure bearing, and the grinding wheel spindle still has high bearing stiffness at low speeds.
2. The grinding wheel rack guide rail adopts a cross roller rigid guide rail, and the semi-automatic feed mechanism is realized by a rotary oil cylinder.
3. The tailstock shaft system has the characteristic of no clearance stiffness, and the electrical box, hydraulic box, and cooling box are separated from the machine tool.
4. Rich grinding indicator and coolant filter.
5. The speed of the headstock only has the AC variable frequency stepless speed regulation.
6. The electrical system adopts a programmable logic controller (PLC), which has self diagnosis function and is very convenient for maintenance.
7. Optional automatic measuring instrument.
Factors affecting accuracy
1. The influence of the height of the grinding head, headstock, and tailstock on the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. The height error of the grinding head, headstock, and tailstock will cause the center line of the headstock and tailstock to deviate from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle in space. At this time, the surface of the ground workpiece will be a hyperbolic surface.
2. The influence of parallelism error of the grinding head spindle axis in the horizontal plane on the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece caused by the connection between the head frame and tail seat centers. When this error occurs, the workpiece produced by the cylindrical grinder will have a conical shape, that is, the grinding wheel will grind at an angle, and the surface will have spiral grinding marks.
The characteristics of cylindrical grinding machines
1. The grinding wheel spindle bearing adopts a conical shaped oil wedge dynamic pressure bearing, and the grinding wheel spindle still has high bearing stiffness at low speeds.
2. The grinding wheel rack guide rail adopts a cross roller rigid guide rail, and the semi-automatic feed mechanism is realized by a rotary oil cylinder.
3. The tailstock shaft system has the characteristic of no clearance stiffness, and the electrical box, hydraulic box, and cooling box are separated from the machine tool.
4. Rich grinding indicator and coolant filter.
5. The speed of the headstock only has the AC variable frequency stepless speed regulation.
6. The electrical system adopts a programmable logic controller (PLC), which has self diagnosis function and is very convenient for maintenance.
7. Optional automatic measuring instrument.
Factors affecting accuracy
1. The influence of the height of the grinding head, headstock, and tailstock on the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. The height error of the grinding head, headstock, and tailstock will cause the center line of the headstock and tailstock to deviate from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle in space. At this time, the surface of the ground workpiece will be a hyperbolic surface.
2. The influence of parallelism error of the grinding head spindle axis in the horizontal plane on the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece caused by the connection between the head frame and tail seat centers. When this error occurs, the workpiece produced by the cylindrical grinder will have a conical shape, that is, the grinding wheel will grind at an angle, and the surface will have spiral grinding marks.